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Old 03-23-2007, 08:12 AM   #1
TruckStuff
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Prius outdoes Hummer in environmental damage

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Prius Outdoes Hummer in Environmental Damage
By Chris Demorro
Staff Writer

The Toyota Prius has become the flagship car for those in our society so environmentally conscious that they are willing to spend a premium to show the world how much they care. Unfortunately for them, their ultimate ‘green car’ is the source of some of the worst pollution in North America; it takes more combined energy per Prius to produce than a Hummer.

Before we delve into the seedy underworld of hybrids, you must first understand how a hybrid works. For this, we will use the most popular hybrid on the market, the Toyota Prius.

The Prius is powered by not one, but two engines: a standard 76 horsepower, 1.5-liter gas engine found in most cars today and a battery- powered engine that deals out 67 horsepower and a whooping 295ft/lbs of torque, below 2000 revolutions per minute. Essentially, the Toyota Synergy Drive system, as it is so called, propels the car from a dead stop to up to 30mph. This is where the largest percent of gas is consumed. As any physics major can tell you, it takes more energy to get an object moving than to keep it moving. The battery is recharged through the braking system, as well as when the gasoline engine takes over anywhere north of 30mph. It seems like a great energy efficient and environmentally sound car, right?

You would be right if you went by the old government EPA estimates, which netted the Prius an incredible 60 miles per gallon in the city and 51 miles per gallon on the highway. Unfortunately for Toyota, the government realized how unrealistic their EPA tests were, which consisted of highway speeds limited to 55mph and acceleration of only 3.3 mph per second. The new tests which affect all 2008 models give a much more realistic rating with highway speeds of 80mph and acceleration of 8mph per second. This has dropped the Prius’s EPA down by 25 percent to an average of 45mpg. This now puts the Toyota within spitting distance of cars like the Chevy Aveo, which costs less then half what the Prius costs.

However, if that was the only issue with the Prius, I wouldn’t be writing this article. It gets much worse.

Building a Toyota Prius causes more environmental damage than a Hummer that is on the road for three times longer than a Prius. As already noted, the Prius is partly driven by a battery which contains nickel. The nickel is mined and smelted at a plant in Sudbury, Ontario. This plant has caused so much environmental damage to the surrounding environment that NASA has used the ‘dead zone’ around the plant to test moon rovers. The area around the plant is devoid of any life for miles.

The plant is the source of all the nickel found in a Prius’ battery and Toyota purchases 1,000 tons annually. Dubbed the Superstack, the plague-factory has spread sulfur dioxide across northern Ontario, becoming every environmentalist’s nightmare.

“The acid rain around Sudbury was so bad it destroyed all the plants and the soil slid down off the hillside,” said Canadian Greenpeace energy-coordinator David Martin during an interview with Mail, a British-based newspaper.

All of this would be bad enough in and of itself; however, the journey to make a hybrid doesn’t end there. The nickel produced by this disastrous plant is shipped via massive container ship to the largest nickel refinery in Europe. From there, the nickel hops over to China to produce ‘nickel foam.’ From there, it goes to Japan. Finally, the completed batteries are shipped to the United States, finalizing the around-the-world trip required to produce a single Prius battery. Are these not sounding less and less like environmentally sound cars and more like a farce?

Wait, I haven’t even got to the best part yet.

When you pool together all the combined energy it takes to drive and build a Toyota Prius, the flagship car of energy fanatics, it takes almost 50 percent more energy than a Hummer - the Prius’s arch nemesis.

Through a study by CNW Marketing called “Dust to Dust,” the total combined energy is taken from all the electrical, fuel, transportation, materials (metal, plastic, etc) and hundreds of other factors over the expected lifetime of a vehicle. The Prius costs an average of $3.25 per mile driven over a lifetime of 100,000 miles - the expected lifespan of the Hybrid.

The Hummer, on the other hand, costs a more fiscal $1.95 per mile to put on the road over an expected lifetime of 300,000 miles. That means the Hummer will last three times longer than a Prius and use less combined energy doing it.

So, if you are really an environmentalist - ditch the Prius. Instead, buy one of the most economical cars available - a Toyota Scion xB. The Scion only costs a paltry $0.48 per mile to put on the road. If you are still obsessed over gas mileage - buy a Chevy Aveo and fix that lead foot.

One last fun fact for you: it takes five years to offset the premium price of a Prius. Meaning, you have to wait 60 months to save any money over a non-hybrid car because of lower gas expenses.
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Old 03-23-2007, 08:19 AM   #2
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Oh good, this study again. Frankly, I don't care either way, for me it's all about saving money. But this study seemed to claim that over 100,000 miles, a Prius would cost $325,000. I can't figure out for the life of me how they came up with this.


It's also saying that a Hummer costs almost $600k to drive 300,000 miles. Again, I'm not sure what wacky numbers they use to come up with that, but that's a bit too high.
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Old 03-23-2007, 09:22 AM   #3
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Cubsfan
Oh good, this study again. Frankly, I don't care either way, for me it's all about saving money. But this study seemed to claim that over 100,000 miles, a Prius would cost $325,000. I can't figure out for the life of me how they came up with this.


It's also saying that a Hummer costs almost $600k to drive 300,000 miles. Again, I'm not sure what wacky numbers they use to come up with that, but that's a bit too high.

These numbers come from the total combined energy to build and operate the car. This isn't the cost to the end user but the total cost to operate that vehicle for one mile (Prius $3.25, Hummer $1.95).

There was another study published with this data about 6 months ago. It should be floating either around this or the automotive forum.
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Old 03-23-2007, 09:29 AM   #4
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Quote:
Originally Posted by VTGreg
These numbers come from the total combined energy to build and operate the car. This isn't the cost to the end user but the total cost to operate that vehicle for one mile (Prius $3.25, Hummer $1.95).

There was another study published with this data about 6 months ago. It should be floating either around this or the automotive forum.

This still makes no sense to me (unless we're factoring in some type of odd environmental cost). Shouldn't the cost to build the car be covered by the purchase price (plus any subsidies)?
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Old 03-23-2007, 09:34 AM   #5
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If you really wants to save $$$, get one of those small high-efficient/low-power cars.
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Old 03-23-2007, 09:34 AM   #6
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Defintely a lot of distorted figures in that article.
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Old 03-23-2007, 09:37 AM   #7
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After two years my Prius is still averaging 55 MPG -- with a one-tank high of 61 MPG. So far the only maintenance is changing the oil and adding gas.

I'll keep the Prius.
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Old 03-23-2007, 09:46 AM   #8
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Originally Posted by faither
After two years my Prius is still averaging 55 MPG -- with a one-tank high of 61 MPG. So far the only maintenance is changing the oil and adding gas.

I'll keep the Prius.

Well, you live in a warm climate with relatively few hills. Cars suffer in the winter wither fewer MPG. And it takes more fuel to traverse hills.

A friend of mine has a first generation Prius, lives in Pennsylvania and gets a lot less MPG than you do.
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Old 03-23-2007, 09:51 AM   #9
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Quote:
Originally Posted by VTGreg
These numbers come from the total combined energy to build and operate the car. This isn't the cost to the end user but the total cost to operate that vehicle for one mile (Prius $3.25, Hummer $1.95).

There was another study published with this data about 6 months ago. It should be floating either around this or the automotive forum.

My guess is that those figures include R&D. There must have been a tremendous amount of up-front R&D to develop the technology for the Prius (depending on how you want to calculate it, it could probably get into the billions), whereas the Hummer likely had little/no new R&D. Therefore, as each new Prius (or each new car that utilizes the tech developed in the R&D comes on the road, the average cost of per car development will come down tremendously.

Basically, the figures are completely flawed because they doesn't look at the long-term impact of the investment.
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Old 03-23-2007, 10:38 AM   #10
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Butch
My guess is that those figures include R&D. There must have been a tremendous amount of up-front R&D to develop the technology for the Prius (depending on how you want to calculate it, it could probably get into the billions), whereas the Hummer likely had little/no new R&D. Therefore, as each new Prius (or each new car that utilizes the tech developed in the R&D comes on the road, the average cost of per car development will come down tremendously.

Basically, the figures are completely flawed because they doesn't look at the long-term impact of the investment.

The numbers take into account the cost per mile of the energy used to create and operate these cars. Unless I am completely missing something in the article, it doesn't include any human development costs.

I don't understand how some have such a hard time believing that hybrid cars, while very good on gas once owned, have a huge upfront cost to the environment in terms of energy.

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Old 03-23-2007, 10:46 AM   #11
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Originally Posted by VTGreg
I don't understand how some have such a hard time believing that hybrid cars, while very good on gas once owned, have a huge upfront cost to the environment in terms of energy.
Edit: I quoted the wrong section here. For the record, I don't really care if the hybrid is better or worse, I just think that the study's numbers are at best very tainted.


I don't understand the breakdown of the cost.

Purchase Price: $30k (a little high)
Gas to drive 100,000 miles (assuming 20 mpg and $3/gallon): $15,000
Random costs (insurance, repairs, etc...): $30,000

(yes, all of my estimates are way high)

That brings us to $75k. Who is paying the other $250,000?


(And for that matter, I think the Hummer's costs are way high too)
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Old 03-23-2007, 11:02 AM   #12
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Heh... I'm just wondering how this ended up in Politics rather than the Automotive section.

Well... it's possible that it will magically move that way eventually (when GAM gets wind of it.)


Honestly, I'm still waiting on those scientists to perfect that Hydrogen/water based engine.
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Old 03-23-2007, 12:24 PM   #13
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Originally Posted by DarkFury
Heh... I'm just wondering how this ended up in Politics rather than the Automotive section.
Because I knew it would spark irrational arguments and blanket dismissal by certain folks. Looks like I was right.
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Old 03-23-2007, 12:52 PM   #14
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The article looks at the production of the Prius battery and points out that it has one (the Hummer has a battery too, just not as large of one) and that it was shipped to different parts of the world to be manufactured. The Hummer also has parts made in and shipped through various places around the world. I would bet some of those come from China which now has five of the ten most poluted cities in the world. Half of their rivers are not even clean enough to swim in let alone drink out of or use to water crops. Was this article written by either the Hummer manufacturer or another US car maker supporting researcher?

The Hummer has larger tires which require more recources to make, they add more polution as they wear down (and they wear down quicker than Prius tires due to vehicle size and the fact that they have a larger contact area with the road). The Hummer being of a much larger size also causes more wear and tear on the roads it travels- requiring more labor and petroleum products to repair or replace. There are many factors not included in this article.

I just checked out the website of the company that issued the study- CNW Marketing http://www.cnwmr.com/ . It does not look like they are an experienced research organization. On their own FAQ page they admit :
Quote:
We study how people spend the money they have available to them.

Within that context we look at five industries: Automotive, High-end home electronics, Single-family housing, Personal investments and In-home computers. We also have a political research office and recently performed some drug-related studies for a government agency.

While we are most known for our automotive research, we are NOT an automotive research company, per se. We look at the automobile business in the context of how it fits into consumer buying patterns with all the appropriate whys and wherefores.
This makes this report majorly suspect in its accuracy.
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Old 03-23-2007, 01:43 PM   #15
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Quote:
Originally Posted by TruckStuff
Because I knew it would spark irrational arguments and blanket dismissal by certain folks. Looks like I was right.
Certainly you are not assuming that "I" am dismissing it...

I haven't really made a comment about it since that is an arguement I'll leave to others...

However, the thread is misplaced regardless... look up some of the other threads that Apex deemed "automotive" that were discussing non automotive issues but referenced cars in doing so.
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Old 03-23-2007, 04:42 PM   #16
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The stats are very iffy (I agree with CubsFan, where the hell are those numbers coming from???), and some guy from greenpeace is quoted. I'm taking this one with a whole bucketful of salt grains.
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Old 03-23-2007, 07:52 PM   #17
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Quote:
Originally Posted by TruckStuff
Because I knew it would spark irrational arguments and blanket dismissal by certain folks. Looks like I was right.


where are the irrational arguments? How is math not adding up irrational to question? I mean, I don't even understand why one car is compared to 100,000, and the other 300,000. How long the car could potentially really isn't relevant, since it's guesswork.

environmental footprint is one of those moving target things too. the First Prius likely has a bigger footprint then the last one. Or it has a smaller one, because the production is ramped up. Same with the Hummer. This research is flawed because it's not quite apples to apples, and it makes some big assumptions, and I'm not even really sure what point it's really trying to make, since I don't think people are buying hybrids because they think it's better for the environment to build them, they just don't want to spend so much on gas.
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Old 03-23-2007, 08:06 PM   #18
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Originally Posted by LPMiller
environmental footprint is one of those moving target things too. the First Prius likely has a bigger footprint then the last one. Or it has a smaller one, because the production is ramped up. Same with the Hummer. This research is flawed because it's not quite apples to apples, and it makes some big assumptions, and I'm not even really sure what point it's really trying to make, since I don't think people are buying hybrids because they think it's better for the environment to build them, they just don't want to spend so much on gas.

I disagree. I think many buy hybrids to be green and help the environment. The cost benefit of owning a hybrid has a break even of around 5 to 6 years depending on the cost of gas.

I don't think many think about the possible environmental impact of the full lifecycle of many things, hybrids included. They just see that hybrids use less gas on the back end and say, "This is better for the environment."

Even if the numbers in the article are inflated, are they so inflated that they don't call into question how green hybrids really are?
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Old 03-23-2007, 08:58 PM   #19
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Quote:
Originally Posted by VTGreg
Even if the numbers in the article are inflated, are they so inflated that they don't call into question how green hybrids really are?

Yes. If they were even remotely reasonable, they might make a point. Given how pathetically wrong they are, you can't draw any conclusions at all from it. To me, they appear to be at very least triple what's reasonable. Given the fact that they aren't even in the right ballpark, any conclusions drawn from them are worthless.

(Now, frankly, I'm inclined to actually agree with what YOU are saying, but this study isn't a useful to make any point whatsoever.)
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Old 03-23-2007, 11:35 PM   #20
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I think this study is a hatchet job sponsored by oil companies or something. With that said, there is something to be said about the increased cost of producing the materials in a hybrid car. I'm betting Toyota thought they could bank on this market and produced a car that was fuel efficient, not one that's green.

I do think those who take this study to hard are the ones who are looking for an excuse to point to those "green" folks and laugh really hard. Is there really a bad thing to try to be environmentally friendly?

I personally think the biggest farce are those companies who produce mild hybrid cars (cars that use a battery and regenerative braking to start/shutoff the gas engine or to power the electronics in a car) and call them hybrids thinking that customers are gullible enough to buy them. I'm going to put a 9V battery into a hummer and call that a hybrid (from top gear ).
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Old 03-25-2007, 07:21 AM   #21
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Honestly, the batteries are truly the blight of hybrids but they are getting better (this coming from a guy who gets 10mpg on his BETTER vehicle). I can see the build materials helping out on weight and smarter transmissions making up for the batteries' shortcomings. For my money, I would rather see my wife in something bigger and more crashworthy, but she's a lousy driver.
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Old 03-25-2007, 07:37 AM   #22
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bigger doesn't mean more crash worthy. But I get your point.
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Old 03-26-2007, 07:09 PM   #23
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Originally Posted by VTGreg
I disagree. I think many buy hybrids to be green and help the environment. The cost benefit of owning a hybrid has a break even of around 5 to 6 years depending on the cost of gas.

i like the concept of the hybrid cars, my mom actually drives one of the first civic hybrids. I think also the study is taking in consideration that the battery system will need replacing every 5 to 6 years (of course depending on a lot of things)So the break even point gets pushed a bit back when you have to think of replacing the batteries..
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Old 03-27-2007, 02:46 AM   #24
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Originally Posted by LPMiller
bigger doesn't mean more crash worthy. But I get your point.

Hummer vs. Prius. 60mph, any angle. Hummer wins.
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Old 03-27-2007, 05:31 AM   #25
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that's just stupid. No kidding. Still not my point.

Some cars implement their safety features better. Some cars have side impact bags. Some cars are safer in an accident when compared to a bigger car. That doesn't mean a prius will survive a semi. I would have thought that was a pretty obvious point.
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Old 03-27-2007, 06:02 AM   #26
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Originally Posted by Houdini
Hummer vs. Prius. 60mph, any angle. Hummer wins.

I guess if you're a redneck or a wrestler..Better yet, a redneck wrestler who drinks a carton of Bud every night.
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Old 03-27-2007, 03:37 PM   #27
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This argument will never be won.... It has been beaten to death here numerous times. I think my math is pretty straight forward but maybe someone can prove me wrong.

Chevy Cavalier $12,000
On Average 30-35 mpg.
Cost of Gas $2.5 mpg (i paid 2.46 yesterday)
Assume 15K a year in miles
Cost of Gas per year $1250 (at 30 mpg)
Cost over 6 years 12K + 7500 = 19500
Cost over 10 years 12K + 12500 = 24500

Prius $24,000
On Average lets Say 48 mpg
Cost of gas 2.50
Assume 15K a year in miles
Cost of Gas Per Year 781.25
Tax break $2000.00 (which I think no longer exists)
Cost over 6 years 24K + 4687 -2000 = 26687
Cost over 10 years 24K + 7812.50 - 2000 = 29812

Yes there are other factors such as style and other features but even after 10 years I don't see the math I will stick with my Cavalier. I hope we have better cars 10 years from now. I still am saving 5K and can buy a new better car in 10 years. IMHO.
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Old 03-27-2007, 05:11 PM   #28
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Government figures on a 1998 Cavelier with 15,000 miles per year driving (45% highway and 55% city) at $2.58 a gallon of gas shows an annual fuel cost of $1490. http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/noframes/14059.shtml
and for the Pius, $704 using Regular fuel. http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/hybrid_sbs_cars.shtml

The Pius has a tax credit depending on when you purchased it (it is phased out as more of the vehicle is sold up to 60,000 units). http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/tax_hybrid.shtml Prior to Sept 30h 2006 this was $3150, until March 31st of this year it is $1575 and then it drops to $787. Figuring one purchased this year and a marginal tax rate of 25%, this could save you almost $400, but with rounding off the purchase price, probably not a dramatic change in the cost of the vehicle over its lifetime.

Costs should also include insurance rate differences, if any. Apparently, the Prius costs more to insure- due in part to its increased complexity. http://www.consumeraffairs.com/autom...ota_prius.html
Then there is the problem of disposing of the car and its batteries at the end of its lifetime.

I have to admit it, that the Prius, while a nice concept and nice that it uses less gasoline, may not be the environmental solution at this time. It does seem that even the out of pocket costs outweigh the gas bill savings (but that is probably not the main reason that people bought one- just like those who bought a Hummer did not buy it for its milage either). Even the environmental impact do not seem to be reduced by much compared with other vehicles.

I would still be in favor of requiring better gas mileage from SUVs and small trucks- which are presently excluded from those applied to other passenger vehicles. This can still be done and save a lot of oil consumption if we do.
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Old 03-27-2007, 06:16 PM   #29
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that's just stupid. No kidding. Still not my point.

Some cars implement their safety features better. Some cars have side impact bags. Some cars are safer in an accident when compared to a bigger car. That doesn't mean a prius will survive a semi. I would have thought that was a pretty obvious point.

Oh, I know. Still, I wonder about the actual safety features' effectiveness' are in most real-life situations. That and the fact that all the collapsible stuff makes a minor accident often very expensive to repair. Granted, I feel safe in my 3 series, and it's not big, but I also felt INCREDIBLY safe in my old '77 Volvo 240. Mainly because it was built like a tank. Wasn't terribly heavy, but had big tubular steel bars in the doors, etc. And about the only other feature besides seatbelts was the engine shearing breakaway thing that directed the engine under the car in a bad frontal impact.

All things considered, with cars, even though I like and will probably own smaller cars (love the Cayman.....someday...) and I plan to have a Countache in my garage within 10 years, I'd go for the heavier car. But I guess it's kind of like my preference for RWD cars and experience with seeing lots of car wrecks and patients from them. Hint - Dodge Neons are deathcans.
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Old 03-27-2007, 06:17 PM   #30
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Originally Posted by johnnymk
I guess if you're a redneck or a wrestler..Better yet, a redneck wrestler who drinks a carton of Bud every night.

Err...didn't quite get that one.

H <---is maybe too tired to figure things out right now.
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